History of Ancient Ephesos
Founded by Ionian colonist under Androklos. Ephesos maintained good relationship
with Lydia and prospered primarily because of pilgrims to its temple of Artemis
one of the 7 wonders of the world dating from the time of Croesus of Lydia. It appears that
to maintain this relationship the city of Ephesos was moved from its fortified position
in Croesus to the area of the great temple. After the defeat of Athens
by Sparta, the Ephesos Bee coins started supplanting the Athenian Owl as
the standard world coinage. Ephesos was in alliance with Sparta, and since
Sprata (a military state) did not participant in commerce or the mintage
of coins, Ephesos quickly filled-in the gap left by Athens. After the conquest by Alexander the Great,
the general Lysimachos reestablished the city at the more favorable position near Mt. Koressos
and ordered people from throughout the area to move to his new city and in
a very short time Ephesos became the most populated city in Anatolia. The city subsequently fell
to the Seleucids. In 190 BC it fell under the Pergamon Kings and in 133 BC the Romans. In 150 AD "Aristeides"
wrote that Ephesos was the most prosperous commercial center of the time and controlled the
commerce of all Alatolia. The city continued to prosper thoughout the Christian era.
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